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MPPHED
Satpura Bhavan
Bhopal |
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INFO
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PLANNING
b) Ground
Water Quality
Another environmental
consideration is the potential for ground
water pollution presented by the treatment
units proposed to be built. For example, in
certain soils, special precautions may be
needed to intercept seepage of sewage from
lagoons and ponds. Land irrigation would also
present a potential for ground water pollution
especially from nitrates.
In case of
low cost sanitation methods involving onsite
disposal of excreta and sullage water, ground
water pollution may need special attention
if the ground water table is high and the
soil relatively porous.
c) Coastal
Water Quality
Shoreline discharges
of sewage effluents, though treated, could
lead to bacterial and viral pollution and
affect bathing water quality of beaches.
discharges have to be made sufficiently
off shore to benefits from dilution and
natural die away of organism before they
are washed back to the shoreline by currents.
The presence of nutrients could also promote
algal growth in coastal waters especially
in base where natural circulation pattern
might keep the nutrients trapped in the
water body.
d) Odour
and Mosquito Nuisance
Odour and Mosquito
Nuisance in the vicinity of sewage treatment
plants, particularly in the downwind direction
of prevailing winds, can have adverse impacts
on the land values, public health and well
being and general utility of amenities may
be threatened. These factors have to be
considered in selecting sites for location
of sewage treatment plants and treated sewage
irrigation fields.
e) Public
Health
Public Health
considerations pervade through all aspects
of design and operation of sewage treatment
and disposal projects. Some aspects have
already being referred to earlier. Public
health concepts are built in to various
bye laws regulations and codes of practice
which must be observed, such as :
- Effluent discharge
standards including permissible microbial
and helminthic quality requirements.
- Standards for control
of toxic and accumulative substances
in the food chain
- Potential for nitrate
and microbial pollution of ground waters
- Deterioration of drinking
water resources including wells.
- Deterioration of bathing
water quality.
- Control measures of
health and safety of sewage plant operators
and sewage farm workers who are exposed
to or handle raw and/or treated sewage.
f) Landscaping
Sewage treatment
plant structures need not be ugly and unsightly.
At no real extra cost, some architectural
concepts can be used and the buildings designed
to suit the main climate (humid or dry)
generally met within India.
Apart from
the usual development of a small garden
near the plants office or laboratories some
considerations need to be given to sites
for disposal of screening and grit in an
inoffensive manner, general sanitation in
the plant area and provision of a green
belt around a treatment plant.
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